Document Details
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Document Type |
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Thesis |
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Document Title |
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TRACE ELEMENTS AND PHTHALATE METABOLITES EXPOSURE AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH THYROID DYSFUNCTION AND TYPE2-DIABETES IN JEDDAH, SAUDI ARABIA: A BIOMONITORING STUDY التعرض للعناصر النادرة ومركبات أيضات الفثالات وارتباطه باضطراب الغدة الدرقية والسكري من النوع الثاني بمدينة جدة، المملكة العربية السعودية: دراسة في الرصد الحيوي |
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Subject |
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Faculty of Science |
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Document Language |
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Arabic |
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Abstract |
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Contemporary communities suffer from the exposure to many environmental chemicals that may have adverse effects on human health. Biomonitoring measures this exposure in human, other living organisms and even the environment itself. Previous studies that link environmental chemicals exposure to T2DM (type 2 diabetes mellitus) and thyroid disorders in Saudi Arabia yielded ambiguous results. The current study investigates the association of selected environmental chemicals, namely trace elements and phthalate metabolites (PhMs), with the possible risk of developing T2DM and thyroid disorders, as they are considered two of the most predominant metabolic diseases not only in Saudi Arabia and the Middle East, but all over the world. In the present case-control study, urine samples collected from 150 participants (50 T2DM patients, 50 thyroid disorder patients and 50 controls) were analyzed to estimate the concentrations of trace elements, using ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer). Other 101 urine samples were collected (54 T2DM patients and 47 controls) and examined for the presence of PhMs, using HPLC-MS/MS (High Performance Liquid Chromatography- mass spectrometer) detection. Non-parametric Mann-Whitney Test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Pearson correlation and logistic regression were used to analyze the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the participants, in addition to trace elements and PhMs results. All participants were Saudi, from Jeddah city and most of them were females (86%). The results showed that T2DM patients exhibited a highly significant increase in the levels of Cr, Ni, Cu, Cd and U (P<0.01) compared to controls. While, there was a significant decrease in Mn and As levels (P<0.01). On the other hand, thyroid disorder patients result exhibited highly significant increase in Mn, Ni, Cu and Cd levels (P<0.01). A significant decrease in Cr and Zn (P<0.013 and 0.005) was observed in thyroid patients compared to controls. Regarding PhMs participants, individuals in the 3rd and/or 4th quartile(s) for urinary concentration of PhMs showed 3.7-fold increase in the odds of having diabetes compared with those in the 1st quartile. Moreover, the urinary concentrations of PhMs with detection rates (DRs) of > 50% were significantly higher in diabetic cases than in controls (P<0.01). This study findings support the hypothesis of environmental etiology of T2DM and thyroid diseases (adverse outcome) with trace elements and phthalate metabolites exposure. |
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Supervisor |
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Prof. Taha Abdullah Kumosani |
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Thesis Type |
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Doctorate Thesis |
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Publishing Year |
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1441 AH
2020 AD |
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Co-Supervisor |
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Prof. Abdulrahman Lubaid Al-Malki |
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Added Date |
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Tuesday, July 21, 2020 |
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Researchers
| مها محمد البازي | Al-Bazi, Maha Mohammed | Researcher | Doctorate | |
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