Document Details
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Document Type |
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Thesis |
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Document Title |
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ROCK MASS QUALITY FOR CUT DESIGN IN JABAL KHANDAMAH, MAKKAH CITY جودة الكتل الصخرية لتصميم القطع في جبل خندمة بمدينة مكة المكرمة بالمملكة العربية السعودية |
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Subject |
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Faculty of Earth Sciences - Geology Engineering |
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Document Language |
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Arabic |
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Abstract |
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Jabal Khandamah is one of the highly rigid and steep mountains. It is located in the eastern side of Makkah Al- Mukarramah City adjacent to and in the east of the Holly Mosque (Al-Haram). A part of the proposed Jabal Khandamah Development Project includes the construction of several multi-storied buildings, roads, bridges.
The main purpose of this study is:-
a) Evaluating the rock mass condition in the study area for rock cut engineering purposes.
b) Assessing the stability of the rock cuts.
c) Assessing the quantity of the rock cuts and rock fills,
d) Evaluating the effect of geology, geomorphology and the engineering properties on the stability conditions of rock cuts, and
e) Recommending the required support system of unstable locations and cuts.
These purposes were distributed in three different tasks as follows:-
1. Constructing and visualizing Geological & Engineering Geological model
2. Rock mass classification modeling and mapping for engineering geological purposes in terms of slope stability analysis
3. Design and modeling of cut/fill zones, and method of excavation systems and the required support systems for the main road in the project site.
In this study, analysis was done using more advanced techniques namely the Rock Mass Rating (RMR) (Bieniawski, 1989), the Slope Mass Rating (SMR) (Romana, 1993), DIPS (Rocscience Inc, 2011) and numerical modeling using SLIDE (Rocscience Inc, 2011).
The Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to produce the final map taking into consideration the geology and topography based on the results of the investigation, the detection of the hazard magnitude for all critical man-made slopes has been assessed and the engineering solutions were suggested.
The quality of surface rock masses of Jabal Khandamah were classified into three classes:-
1. The best class has basic RMR range between 82% and 87% and classified as very good quality rock masses (class I), (Very hard and competent rock mass); it represents about 5.5% of the total area of the mountain.
2. The second class has a basic RMR range between 63% and 79% and classified as good quality rock masses (class II) (very hard, but fractured and weathered rock mass); it represents about 24.5% of the total area of the mountain.
3. The third zone has a basic RMR range between 52% and 67% and classified as Fair to good quality rock masses (class II-III) (hard, fractured and weathered rock mass); it represents about 70% of the total area of the mountain.
Therefore, the surface conditions of the study locations are not accepted for foundation projects as they are weathered and fractured.
The quality of subsurface rock masses in Jabal Khandamah were classified into two classes:-
1. The best class has basic RMR range between 82% and 92% and are classified as Very good quality rock masses (class I) (very hard and competent rock mass); it represents about 30% of the study mountain.
2. The second class has basic RMR range between 69% and 80% and are classified as good quality rock masses (class II) (very hard, fractured rock mass); it represents about 70% of the mountain.
Both classes of subsurface condition are accepted for foundation projects and hard to cut.
The stability quality of Jabal Khandamah surface rocks for cut purposes using SMR classification system are categorized into three categories as:-
1. Completely stable to Stable zone (representing 29% of the area)
2. Partially stable zone (representing 43% of the area)
3. Unstable slopes to completely unstable zone (representing 28% of the area)
The stability quality of Jabal Khandamah subsurface rocks for cut purposes using SMR classification system are classified into two categories as:-
1. Completely stable to Stable zone (representing 63% of the area)
2. Partially stable zone (representing 37% of the area)
In general, the subsurface rock stability conditions are ranging between partiality stable to completely stable. It is hard, less fractured and can be controlled during cut and break.
Three modes of potential failures including Plane, Wedge and Toppling failure are identified. All cut and leveling zone are partially unstable and need to estimate the Safety factors and the required stability supports.
The total and horizontal displacements are increased with increasing in backfill thickness, while, the vertical displacements are decreased. The horizontal displacements expected in the retaining walls must be supported by their thicknesses and by applying anchor bolts every 2.5m * 2.5m spaced. |
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Supervisor |
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Prof. ABBAS AIFAN AL-HARTHI |
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Thesis Type |
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Master Thesis |
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Publishing Year |
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1435 AH
2014 AD |
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Added Date |
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Sunday, July 20, 2014 |
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Researchers
| تهامي جميل عبدالقديم | ABDULQADIM, TUHAMI JAMIL | Researcher | Master | |
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