|
Document Type |
: |
Thesis |
|
Document Title |
: |
The prevalence of Non-Syndromic Orofacial Cleft types in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 Pandemic. A National Study مدى انتشار الشق الفموي الوجهي الغير مرتبط بمتلازمة في المملكة العربية السعودية خلال جائحة كورونا: دراسة وطنية |
|
Subject |
: |
Faculty of Dentistry |
|
Document Language |
: |
Arabic |
|
Abstract |
: |
Background and aims: Clefts of the lip and palate are the most common types of major craniofacial birth defects and are among the most frequent congenital anomalies found worldwide. Affected individuals have a range of functional as well as aesthetic problems from birth through adulthood requiring a lifelong series of interventions. This study is the first multiplicities in Saudi Arabia that aims to: (I) measure the prevalence of non-syndromic orofacial cleft (NSOFC) during COVID-19 and (II) Investigate the relationship between different environmental risk factors and NSOFC phenotypes (CL/P and CP) and their severity.
Material and methods: One hundred and seventy-seven non-syndromic orofacial clefts (NSOFC) were selected from hospitals in main regions of Saudi Arabia (Riyadh , Makkah ,Dammam, Medina, Al-Qassim, Hail , Northern border, Asser, Najran and Al-Baha). Patients were examined to identify cleft phenotype according to the LASHAL classification.
Part I. Prevalence of oral cleft in Saudi Arabia:
Part I of this study included all cases born in the designated hospitals from November 2020 to November 2021. Infants born with NSOFC were compared with the total number of births, in the same period of time.
Part II: Environmental risk factors associated with CL/P and CP severity
Part II of our study, data were collected on environmental factors using a questionnaire, covering events in the three-month pre-gestation through to the first trimester period.
Results:
Part I. Prevalence of oral cleft in Saudi Arabia:
The prevalence of NSOFC in government hospitals in Saudi Arabia during COVID-19 pandemic was 1.26/1000 births.
Part II: Environmental risk factors associated with CL/P and CP severity
Environmental factors (EFs) significantly related to NSOFC severity after the odds ratios were adjusted through logistic regression were:
• For CL/P severity predictor variables were family history of NSOFC (OR: 2.70 , 95% CI: 1.16 to 6.28), maternal ingestion of medication (OR:2.14 and 95% CI: 1.05 to 4.38) and maternal illness including COVID-19 infection (OR:3.70 and 95% CI: 0.72 to 8.38)
• Folic acid supplementation in the 1st trimester period was found to be significantly associated with a decrease severity of CL/P and CP in Saudi Arabia.
Conclusion:
• The prevalence of NSOFC in Saudi Arabia during COVID-19 pandemic (1.26/1000 live births) was found to be higher than the prevalence before COVID-19 pandemic (1.17/1000 live births).
• Family history of NSOFC, maternal diseases including COVID-19 infection and maternal ingestion of medication during the first trimester were found to be significantly associated with increased severity (cleft of CL/P Saudi Arabia.
• Folic acid supplementation in the 1st trimester period was found to be significantly associated with a decrease severity of CL/P and CP in Saudi Arabia. |
|
Supervisor |
: |
Dr. Heba Jafar Sabbagh |
|
Thesis Type |
: |
Master Thesis |
|
Publishing Year |
: |
1445 AH
2023 AD |
|
Co-Supervisor |
: |
Dr. Rana Abdullah Alamoudi |
|
Added Date |
: |
Saturday, October 21, 2023 |
|
Researchers
| سلطان مساعد الغامدي | Alghamdi, Sultan Musaad | Researcher | Master | |
|